:root {
  --ink: #171717; --muted: #77736e; --line: #e9e6e1; --paper: #fff; --soft: #f6f5f2;
  --accent: #c23a2b; --serif: "Playfair Display", Georgia, serif; --sans: "DM Sans", Arial, sans-serif;
  --max: 1200px;
}
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }
body { margin: 0; background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink); font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.65; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
img { display: block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; }
.site-shell { overflow: hidden; }
.site-header { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); background: rgba(255,255,255,.96); }
.header-inner { max-width: var(--max); margin: auto; padding: 23px 28px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 30px; }
.brand { display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: 14px; }
.site-title, .footer-brand { font-size: 25px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -.09em; line-height: 1; }
.site-title span, .footer-brand span { color: var(--accent); }
.custom-logo { max-height: 54px; width: auto; }
.site-tagline { color: var(--muted); font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.primary-navigation { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 27px; }
.nav-menu, .footer-menu { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 27px; list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.nav-menu a { font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .07em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.header-search { font-size: 29px; line-height: 1; font-weight: 400; }
.menu-toggle { display: none; }
.site-main { min-height: 60vh; }
.home-wrap, .archive-wrap, .related-section { max-width: var(--max); margin: auto; padding: 0 28px; }
.section-heading { padding: 66px 0 42px; display: flex; align-items: end; justify-content: space-between; gap: 30px; }
.section-kicker, .section-label span { display: block; color: var(--accent); font-size: 10px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .17em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.section-heading h1, .archive-header h1 { margin: 10px 0 0; font: 600 clamp(38px, 5vw, 62px)/1.04 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -.045em; }
.section-heading p { max-width: 330px; margin: 0 0 5px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 14px; }
.lead-section { padding-bottom: 66px; }
.section-label { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 15px; margin-bottom: 17px; }
.section-label i { height: 1px; background: var(--line); flex: 1; }
.featured-story { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.35fr .85fr; gap: 50px; align-items: center; }
.featured-image { display: block; overflow: hidden; background: var(--soft); aspect-ratio: 1.5; }
.featured-image img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; transition: transform .5s ease; }
.featured-image:hover img, .card-image:hover img { transform: scale(1.035); }
.featured-copy { padding: 10px 15px 10px 0; }
.eyebrow { display: inline-block; margin-bottom: 13px; color: var(--accent); font-size: 10px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .15em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.featured-copy h2 { margin: 0 0 17px; font: 600 clamp(30px, 3.6vw, 47px)/1.12 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -.035em; }
.featured-copy > p { color: #66615d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; }
.card-meta { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 9px; margin-top: 19px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 11px; }
.card-meta a { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 600; }
.meta-dot { color: #c6c0b8; }
.text-link { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 9px; margin-top: 22px; color: var(--ink); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; }
.text-link span { color: var(--accent); font-size: 17px; transition: transform .2s; }
.text-link:hover span { transform: translateX(4px); }
.latest-section { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 47px 0 65px; }
.section-title-row { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: end; margin-bottom: 25px; }
.section-title-row h2 { margin: 5px 0 0; font: 600 34px/1.15 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -.035em; }
.section-title-row > .text-link { margin: 0 0 5px; }
.article-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 42px 25px; }
.article-card { min-width: 0; }
.card-image { display: block; aspect-ratio: 1.5; overflow: hidden; background: var(--soft); }
.card-image img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; transition: transform .5s ease; }
.image-placeholder { width: 100%; height: 100%; min-height: 130px; display: grid; place-items: center; background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f0eeea, #e4e0d9); color: #aaa39a; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .12em; text-align: center; line-height: 1.1; }
.card-content { padding-top: 17px; }
.card-content .eyebrow { margin-bottom: 7px; }
.card-title { margin: 0; font: 600 23px/1.25 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -.02em; }
.card-excerpt { margin: 9px 0 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.7; }
.card-content .card-meta { margin-top: 12px; }
.category-strip { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 45px 0 75px; }
.category-links { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.category-links a { padding: 17px 18px 17px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; gap: 2px 12px; }
.category-links a span { font: 600 20px var(--serif); }
.category-links a small { color: var(--muted); font-size: 11px; }
.category-links a b { grid-column: 2; grid-row: 1 / span 2; align-self: center; color: var(--accent); font-size: 18px; }
.archive-header { padding: 65px 0 42px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); margin-bottom: 37px; }
.archive-header h1 { font-size: clamp(38px, 5vw, 56px); }
.archive-header > p, .archive-description { max-width: 650px; color: var(--muted); }
.archive-wrap { padding-bottom: 80px; }
.pagination { padding: 50px 0 0; }
.pagination .nav-links { display: flex; justify-content: center; gap: 9px; }
.pagination a, .pagination span { padding: 9px 13px; border: 1px solid var(--line); font-size: 12px; }
.pagination .current { background: var(--ink); color: #fff; border-color: var(--ink); }
.single-article { max-width: 100%; }
.article-header { max-width: 900px; margin: auto; padding: 65px 28px 35px; text-align: center; }
.article-breadcrumb { display: flex; justify-content: center; gap: 10px; align-items: center; margin-bottom: 25px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 11px; }
.article-breadcrumb .eyebrow { margin: 0; }
.article-header h1 { margin: 0 auto; max-width: 850px; font: 600 clamp(38px, 5vw, 62px)/1.08 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -.045em; }
.article-deck { max-width: 700px; margin: 20px auto 0; color: #69645f; font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.7; }
.article-byline { display: flex; justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; margin-top: 24px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 11px; }
.article-byline a { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 600; }
.article-hero { max-width: 1120px; margin: 0 auto 55px; padding: 0 28px; }
.article-hero img { width: 100%; max-height: 650px; object-fit: cover; }
.article-hero figcaption { padding-top: 9px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 11px; }
.article-layout { max-width: 1080px; padding: 0 28px; margin: auto; display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 720px) 200px; gap: 70px; justify-content: center; }
.article-content { font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.9; color: #33312e; }
.entry-content > * { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 1.5em; }
.entry-content h2, .entry-content h3, .entry-content h4 { color: var(--ink); font-family: var(--serif); line-height: 1.2; letter-spacing: -.025em; }
.entry-content h2 { margin-top: 1.8em; font-size: 34px; }
.entry-content h3 { margin-top: 1.6em; font-size: 27px; }
.entry-content a { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px; }
.entry-content blockquote { margin: 2em 0; padding: 5px 0 5px 25px; border-left: 3px solid var(--accent); color: #5e5953; font: 500 24px/1.45 var(--serif); }
.entry-content figure { margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; }
.entry-content figure img { width: 100%; }
.entry-content figcaption { color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; }
.entry-content ul, .entry-content ol { padding-left: 1.4em; }
.article-sidebar { position: sticky; top: 30px; align-self: start; padding-top: 8px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; }
.article-sidebar p { color: var(--ink); font: 600 17px/1.4 var(--serif); }
.sidebar-rule { height: 1px; background: var(--line); margin: 20px 0; }
.sidebar-date { font-size: 11px; }
.article-taxonomy { max-width: 800px; margin: 35px auto 65px; padding: 20px 28px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; }
.article-taxonomy span { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 700; margin-right: 10px; }
.related-section { padding-bottom: 75px; }
.page-article { max-width: 900px; margin: auto; padding: 0 28px 80px; }
.page-article .archive-header { text-align: center; }
.page-article .article-content { max-width: 720px; margin: auto; }
.not-found { max-width: var(--max); margin: auto; padding: 110px 28px 130px; }
.not-found h1 { margin: 15px 0; font: 600 clamp(55px, 8vw, 90px)/.98 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -.05em; }
.not-found p { color: var(--muted); }
.button-link { display: inline-flex; gap: 15px; margin-top: 20px; padding: 13px 18px; background: var(--ink); color: #fff; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; }
.button-link:hover { color: #fff; background: var(--accent); }
.empty-state { padding: 40px 0; color: var(--muted); }
.site-footer { background: #171717; color: #fff; }
.footer-inner { max-width: var(--max); margin: auto; padding: 50px 28px 25px; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 35px; }
.footer-brand { display: inline-block; color: #fff; }
.footer-inner p { color: #a9a5a0; font-size: 12px; }
.footer-menu { justify-content: flex-end; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px 22px; }
.footer-menu a { color: #d1ceca; font-size: 11px; }
.copyright { grid-column: 1 / -1; padding-top: 20px; border-top: 1px solid #383838; color: #8e8a85; font-size: 10px; }
.screen-reader-text { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding: 0; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0,0,0,0); white-space: nowrap; border: 0; }
.mobile-break { display: none; }
@media (max-width: 800px) {
  .header-inner { padding: 18px 20px; }
  .site-tagline { display: none; }
  .menu-toggle { display: flex; width: 38px; height: 38px; padding: 8px; border: 0; background: transparent; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; gap: 5px; cursor: pointer; }
  .menu-toggle span { height: 2px; width: 22px; background: var(--ink); }
  .primary-navigation { display: none; position: absolute; z-index: 20; top: 70px; left: 0; right: 0; padding: 20px; background: #fff; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .primary-navigation.is-open { display: flex; align-items: flex-start; flex-direction: column; gap: 18px; }
  .nav-menu { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 15px; }
  .home-wrap, .archive-wrap, .related-section { padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px; }
  .section-heading { padding: 48px 0 30px; display: block; }
  .section-heading p { margin-top: 18px; }
  .featured-story { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 20px; }
  .featured-copy { padding: 0; }
  .featured-copy h2 { font-size: 36px; }
  .article-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 32px 18px; }
  .category-links { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 0 20px; }
  .article-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 20px; }
  .article-sidebar { display: none; }
  .article-hero { padding: 0 20px; margin-bottom: 35px; }
  .article-header { padding: 48px 20px 28px; }
  .footer-inner { padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px; }
}
@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .site-title { font-size: 22px; }
  .section-heading h1 { font-size: 43px; }
  .mobile-break { display: block; }
  .article-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 30px; }
  .card-title { font-size: 24px; }
  .section-title-row h2 { font-size: 29px; }
  .section-title-row { align-items: center; }
  .category-links { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .article-header h1 { font-size: 39px; }
  .article-deck { font-size: 15px; }
  .article-content { font-size: 16px; }
  .entry-content h2 { font-size: 29px; }
  .footer-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 20px; }
  .footer-menu { justify-content: flex-start; }
  .copyright { grid-column: auto; }
}

/* 1.1 editorial refinements */
.topline { background: #191919; color: #c9c5bf; font-size: 9px; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.topline-inner { max-width: var(--max); margin: auto; padding: 8px 28px; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 15px; }
.topline-center { color: #fff; font-weight: 700; }
.topline-center i { color: var(--accent); font-style: normal; padding: 0 5px; }
.topline-note { color: #96918a; }
.site-header { position: relative; }
.header-inner { padding-top: 25px; padding-bottom: 25px; }
.site-title { font-size: 29px; letter-spacing: -.095em; }
.nav-menu a { position: relative; }
.nav-menu a:after { content: ''; position: absolute; left: 0; right: 100%; bottom: -7px; height: 1px; background: var(--accent); transition: right .2s ease; }
.nav-menu a:hover:after, .nav-menu .current-menu-item > a:after { right: 0; }
.search-toggle { border: 0; background: none; color: var(--ink); font: 400 29px/1 var(--sans); cursor: pointer; padding: 0 0 3px; }
.header-search-panel { max-width: var(--max); margin: auto; padding: 0 28px 20px; }
.header-search-panel[hidden] { display: none; }
.search-form { display: flex; max-width: 520px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.search-form label { flex: 1; }
.search-field { width: 100%; padding: 12px 0; border: 0; outline: 0; background: transparent; font: 14px var(--sans); }
.search-submit { border: 0; background: transparent; color: var(--accent); font: 700 11px var(--sans); cursor: pointer; }
.skip-link { position: absolute; left: -9999px; top: 0; z-index: 999; padding: 10px 15px; background: #fff; color: #111; }
.skip-link:focus { left: 10px; top: 10px; }
.section-heading { padding-top: 72px; }
.intro-note { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 15px; max-width: 350px; }
.intro-note p { margin: 0; }
.intro-mark { flex: 0 0 44px; width: 44px; height: 44px; display: grid; place-items: center; border: 1px solid #d8d2ca; border-radius: 50%; color: var(--accent); font: 600 19px var(--serif); }
.section-label small { margin-left: auto; color: #aaa39a; font-size: 9px; letter-spacing: .1em; }
.featured-story { grid-template-columns: 1.5fr .8fr; gap: 58px; }
.featured-image { aspect-ratio: 1.58; }
.featured-copy h2 { font-size: clamp(34px, 3.9vw, 51px); }
.editors-row { padding: 28px 0 60px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.editors-heading { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 16px; margin-bottom: 20px; }
.editors-line { height: 1px; background: var(--line); flex: 1; }
.editors-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 30px; }
.editor-pick { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 145px 1fr; gap: 19px; align-items: center; }
.editor-pick-image { display: block; aspect-ratio: 1.35; overflow: hidden; background: var(--soft); }
.editor-pick-image img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.editor-pick .eyebrow { margin-bottom: 5px; font-size: 9px; }
.editor-pick h3 { margin: 0; font: 600 19px/1.25 var(--serif); }
.editor-pick .post-date { display: inline-block; margin-top: 8px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 10px; }
.editor-pick .post-date time { font-style: normal; }
.latest-section { padding-top: 52px; }
.card-image { aspect-ratio: 1.48; }
.card-title { font-size: 24px; }
.category-links a { transition: padding .2s ease, background .2s ease; }
.category-links a:hover { padding-left: 10px; background: #faf9f7; }
.site-footer { margin-top: 0; }
@media (max-width: 800px) {
  .topline-inner { padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px; }
  .topline-center { display: none; }
  .topline-note { margin-left: auto; }
  .primary-navigation { top: 100%; }
  .intro-note { margin-top: 20px; }
  .featured-story { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 20px; }
  .editors-grid { gap: 18px; }
  .editor-pick { grid-template-columns: 110px 1fr; gap: 13px; }
  .editor-pick h3 { font-size: 17px; }
}
@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .topline-inner { font-size: 8px; }
  .topline-note { letter-spacing: .07em; }
  .section-heading { padding-top: 45px; }
  .editors-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .editor-pick { grid-template-columns: 118px 1fr; }
  .section-label small { display: none; }
}


/* v1.2: balanced editorial proportions */
.home-wrap, .archive-wrap, .related-section { max-width: 1320px; }
.section-heading { gap: 48px; }
.section-heading h1 { max-width: 760px; font-size: clamp(42px, 5.1vw, 68px); line-height: 1.02; }
.intro-note { flex: 0 0 360px; }
.featured-story {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.22fr) minmax(360px, .9fr);
  gap: clamp(34px, 4vw, 58px);
  align-items: center;
}
.featured-image { aspect-ratio: 1.52; }
.featured-copy { max-width: 500px; padding: 0; }
.featured-copy h2 { font-size: clamp(34px, 3.15vw, 46px); line-height: 1.09; letter-spacing: -.04em; }
.featured-copy > p { max-width: 440px; }
.editors-grid { gap: clamp(24px, 3vw, 42px); }
.editor-pick { grid-template-columns: minmax(118px, 150px) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 18px; }
.editor-pick-image { aspect-ratio: 1.38; }
.editor-pick h3 { font-size: clamp(17px, 1.45vw, 21px); }
.article-grid { column-gap: 30px; row-gap: 46px; }
.card-image { aspect-ratio: 1.55; }
.card-title { font-size: clamp(21px, 1.8vw, 25px); }
.theme-toggle {
  width: 36px; height: 36px; display: inline-grid; place-items: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 50%; background: transparent;
  color: var(--ink); cursor: pointer; font: 20px/1 var(--sans); padding: 0;
}
.theme-toggle:hover { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent); }
.theme-icon { grid-area: 1 / 1; }
.theme-icon-moon { display: none; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .theme-icon-sun { display: none; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .theme-icon-moon { display: inline; }
@media (max-width: 1000px) {
  .featured-story { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.1fr) minmax(300px, .9fr); gap: 30px; }
  .featured-copy h2 { font-size: clamp(32px, 3.8vw, 40px); }
  .intro-note { flex-basis: 320px; }
}
@media (max-width: 800px) {
  .section-heading { gap: 20px; }
  .section-heading h1 { font-size: clamp(42px, 8vw, 58px); }
  .featured-story { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 24px; }
  .featured-copy { max-width: 680px; }
  .featured-copy h2 { max-width: 650px; font-size: clamp(34px, 6vw, 46px); }
  .featured-copy > p { max-width: 620px; }
  .theme-toggle { margin-left: 2px; }
}
@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .section-heading h1 { font-size: 43px; }
  .featured-copy h2 { font-size: 35px; }
  .editor-pick { grid-template-columns: 112px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 13px; }
  .editor-pick h3 { font-size: 17px; }
}
html[data-theme="dark"] {
  color-scheme: dark;
  --ink: #f0eee9; --muted: #aaa69e; --line: #343330;
  --paper: #171715; --soft: #242320; --accent: #ed7869;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] body,
html[data-theme="dark"] .site-header,
html[data-theme="dark"] .primary-navigation,
html[data-theme="dark"] .header-search-panel { background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .topline { background: #10100f; border-color: var(--line); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .topline-center { color: var(--ink); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .site-header { border-color: var(--line); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .site-tagline,
html[data-theme="dark"] .section-heading p,
html[data-theme="dark"] .featured-copy > p,
html[data-theme="dark"] .card-excerpt,
html[data-theme="dark"] .archive-header > p,
html[data-theme="dark"] .archive-description { color: var(--muted); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .intro-mark { border-color: var(--line); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .section-label i,
html[data-theme="dark"] .editors-line,
html[data-theme="dark"] .latest-section,
html[data-theme="dark"] .category-strip,
html[data-theme="dark"] .category-links,
html[data-theme="dark"] .category-links a,
html[data-theme="dark"] .archive-header,
html[data-theme="dark"] .article-taxonomy { border-color: var(--line); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .image-placeholder { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #292824, #34312c); color: #777168; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .category-links a:hover { background: #22211e; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .article-content { color: #d7d3cc; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .entry-content h2,
html[data-theme="dark"] .entry-content h3,
html[data-theme="dark"] .entry-content h4 { color: var(--ink); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .entry-content blockquote { color: #c7c1b8; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .search-field { color: var(--ink); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .search-form { border-color: var(--ink); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .search-toggle,
html[data-theme="dark"] .theme-toggle { color: var(--ink); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .pagination a,
html[data-theme="dark"] .pagination span { border-color: var(--line); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .pagination .current { background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); border-color: var(--ink); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .site-footer { background: #0e0e0d; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .skip-link { background: #f5f3ee; color: #171715; }
html[data-theme="dark"] input,
html[data-theme="dark"] textarea,
html[data-theme="dark"] select { background-color: var(--soft); color: var(--ink); border-color: var(--line); }


/* v1.4 brand identity: mode-specific logo assets shared by header and footer */
.brand { display: flex; align-items: center; min-width: 0; }
.brand-logo { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; line-height: 0; }
.brand-logo img { display: block; width: auto; height: auto; max-width: 240px; max-height: 54px; object-fit: contain; }
.brand-logo-dark { display: none !important; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .brand-logo-light { display: none !important; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .brand-logo-dark { display: block !important; }
.brand-wordmark { font-size: 25px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -.09em; line-height: 1; }
.brand-wordmark span { color: var(--accent); }
.footer-brand-wrap { display: flex; align-items: flex-start; }
.brand-logo-footer img { max-width: 220px; max-height: 58px; }
.site-footer .brand-wordmark { color: #fff; }
@media (max-width: 800px) {
  .brand-logo-header img { max-width: 205px; max-height: 46px; }
}


/* v1.5: one consistent site container across header, content and footer */
:root { --site-container: 1424px; --site-gutter: 28px; }

.header-inner,
.topline-inner,
.home-wrap,
.archive-wrap,
.related-section,
.footer-inner {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: var(--site-container);
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
  padding-left: var(--site-gutter);
  padding-right: var(--site-gutter);
}

/* These wrappers previously used different max-widths, causing visible edge drift. */
.home-wrap, .archive-wrap, .related-section { max-width: var(--site-container); }
.header-inner { max-width: var(--site-container); }
.topline-inner { max-width: var(--site-container); }
.footer-inner { max-width: var(--site-container); }

.brand { align-items: center; }
.header-inner { min-height: 88px; }
.topline-inner { min-height: 34px; }

/* Footer is always dark, independently of the visitor's selected site theme. */
.brand-logo-footer { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; }
.brand-logo-footer img { display: block; width: auto; height: auto; max-width: 220px; max-height: 58px; object-fit: contain; }
.brand-logo-footer-fallback img { filter: brightness(0) invert(1); }
.site-footer .footer-inner { padding-top: 50px; padding-bottom: 25px; }

@media (max-width: 800px) {
  :root { --site-gutter: 20px; }
  .header-inner { min-height: 72px; }
}
@media (max-width: 520px) {
  :root { --site-gutter: 20px; }
}


/* v2.0 article features, advertising and admin integrations */
.article-main-column { min-width: 0; }
.article-byline { align-items: center; }
.byline-author { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; }
.byline-author img { width: 27px; height: 27px; border-radius: 50%; }
.article-share { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 9px; padding: 14px 0 20px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); margin-bottom: 25px; font-size: 11px; }
.article-share strong { margin-right: 5px; color: var(--ink); }
.article-share a, .article-share button { border: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 7px 10px; background: transparent; color: var(--ink); font: 600 10px var(--sans); cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none; }
.article-share a:hover, .article-share button:hover { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent); }
.article-toc { padding: 17px 20px; margin: 0 0 30px; background: var(--soft); border-left: 3px solid var(--accent); }
.article-toc[hidden] { display: none; }
.article-toc strong { display: block; margin-bottom: 9px; font: 600 17px var(--serif); }
.article-toc ol { margin: 0; padding-left: 20px; columns: 2; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.8; }
.article-toc a { color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; }
.article-toc a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.author-box { display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 18px; margin: 45px 0 25px; padding: 25px; background: var(--soft); }
.author-box > img { flex: 0 0 76px; width: 76px; height: 76px; border-radius: 50%; }
.author-box h3 { margin: 5px 0; font: 600 22px var(--serif); }
.author-box h3 a { color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; }
.author-box p { margin: 6px 0 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.65; }
.article-taxonomy { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px; }
.article-taxonomy .article-categories { margin-top: 4px; }
.article-taxonomy a { color: var(--accent); }
.article-rating, .article-comments, .article-newsletter { max-width: 100%; margin: 38px 0; padding: 25px; border: 1px solid var(--line); }
.article-rating h3, .article-newsletter h3 { margin: 0 0 12px; font: 600 24px var(--serif); }
.rating-summary { color: var(--muted); }
.rating-summary strong { color: var(--accent); font-size: 20px; }
.rating-form { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 10px; font-size: 12px; }
.rating-form select, .rating-form button { padding: 9px 12px; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--bg, #fff); color: var(--ink); }
.rating-form button { background: var(--ink); color: #fff; cursor: pointer; }
.article-comments #comments { margin: 0; }
.article-comments .comments-title { margin-top: 0; font: 600 25px var(--serif); }
.article-comments .comment-list { padding-left: 20px; }
.article-comments .comment-body { padding: 14px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.article-comments .comment-meta, .article-comments .comment-form-comment label { font-size: 12px; color: var(--muted); }
.article-comments input:not([type=submit]), .article-comments textarea { width: 100%; max-width: 100%; padding: 11px; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: transparent; color: var(--ink); }
.article-comments input[type=submit] { padding: 11px 18px; border: 0; background: var(--ink); color: #fff; cursor: pointer; }
.spire-ad { max-width: 1100px; margin: 24px auto; padding: 12px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; }
.spire-ad-label { display: block; margin-bottom: 7px; color: var(--muted); font: 9px var(--sans); letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.spire-ad img, .spire-ad iframe { max-width: 100%; }
.spire-ad-sidebar { margin: 25px 0; padding: 10px 0; }
.spire-ad-sidebar .spire-ad-label { text-align: left; }
.site-social-links { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin-top: 18px; }
.site-social-links a { color: #d1ceca; font-size: 11px; }
.site-social-links a:hover { color: #fff; }
.spire-admin .form-table th { width: 260px; padding-top: 18px; }
.spire-admin h2 { margin-top: 35px; padding-bottom: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid #dcdcde; }
.spire-admin textarea { min-height: 80px; }
@media (max-width: 800px) {
 .article-share { justify-content: flex-start; }
 .article-toc ol { columns: 1; }
 .author-box { padding: 18px; }
 .article-sidebar .spire-ad { display: none; }
}


/* v2.3 — premium responsive navigation and editorial polish */
:root {
  --accent-deep: #9f2d22;
  --header-height: 88px;
}
.site-header {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 60;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 96%, transparent);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  box-shadow: 0 5px 24px rgba(20, 18, 15, .035);
}
.header-inner { min-height: var(--header-height); gap: 36px; }
.brand { flex: 0 0 auto; }
.brand-logo-header img { max-width: 250px; max-height: 56px; }
.primary-navigation { gap: clamp(16px, 2vw, 30px); }
.nav-menu { gap: clamp(17px, 2vw, 29px); }
.nav-menu > li { position: relative; }
.nav-menu > li > a {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 42px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .095em;
  transition: color .2s ease;
}
.nav-menu > li > a:hover,
.nav-menu > li.current-menu-item > a,
.nav-menu > li.current-menu-ancestor > a { color: var(--accent); }
.nav-menu a:after { bottom: 3px; }
.nav-menu .sub-menu {
  position: absolute;
  top: calc(100% + 7px);
  left: -18px;
  z-index: 70;
  min-width: 220px;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 10px;
  list-style: none;
  background: var(--paper);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 42px rgba(0,0,0,.12);
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transform: translateY(7px);
  transition: opacity .18s ease, transform .18s ease, visibility .18s ease;
}
.nav-menu .menu-item-has-children:hover > .sub-menu,
.nav-menu .menu-item-has-children:focus-within > .sub-menu,
.nav-menu .menu-item-has-children.submenu-open > .sub-menu {
  opacity: 1; visibility: visible; transform: translateY(0);
}
.nav-menu .sub-menu li a {
  display: block;
  padding: 10px 12px;
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  text-transform: none;
}
.nav-menu .sub-menu li a:hover { background: var(--soft); }
.submenu-toggle { display: none; }
.search-toggle, .theme-toggle {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  transition: color .2s ease, border-color .2s ease, background .2s ease;
}
.search-toggle { width: 38px; height: 38px; display: inline-grid; place-items: center; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 50%; font-size: 21px; padding: 0; }
.search-toggle:hover { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent); }
.header-search-panel { position: relative; z-index: 62; padding-top: 0; }
.header-search-panel .search-form { max-width: 620px; margin-left: auto; }

/* Subtle editorial rhythm and cleaner interactive states. */
:where(a, button, input, select, textarea):focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--accent);
  outline-offset: 3px;
}
.article-card .card-image,
.featured-image,
.editor-pick-image { background: var(--soft); }
.article-card .card-image img,
.featured-image img,
.editor-pick-image img { transition: transform .65s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1), filter .3s ease; }
.article-card:hover .card-image img,
.editor-pick:hover .editor-pick-image img { transform: scale(1.035); }
.card-content { padding-top: 19px; }
.card-title a { text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 4px; text-decoration-color: transparent; transition: color .2s ease, text-decoration-color .2s ease; }
.card-title a:hover { text-decoration-color: var(--accent); }
.button-link, .search-submit, .article-comments input[type=submit] { transition: background .2s ease, color .2s ease, transform .2s ease; }
.button-link:hover { transform: translateY(-1px); }

@media (max-width: 800px) {
  body.menu-open { overflow: hidden; }
  body.menu-open:before {
    content: '';
    position: fixed;
    z-index: 55;
    inset: 0;
    background: rgba(12, 12, 12, .48);
    backdrop-filter: blur(2px);
  }
  .site-header { z-index: 60; }
  .header-inner { min-height: 72px; padding-top: 12px; padding-bottom: 12px; gap: 14px; }
  .brand-logo-header img { max-width: min(58vw, 210px); max-height: 44px; }
  .menu-toggle {
    order: 3;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 75;
    display: flex;
    flex: 0 0 44px;
    width: 44px;
    height: 44px;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 5px;
    padding: 0;
    border: 1px solid var(--line);
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: var(--paper);
    transition: border-color .2s ease, background .2s ease;
  }
  .menu-toggle:hover { border-color: var(--accent); }
  .menu-toggle span {
    position: absolute;
    width: 17px;
    height: 1.5px;
    border-radius: 2px;
    background: var(--ink);
    transition: transform .22s ease, opacity .18s ease;
  }
  .menu-toggle span:nth-child(1) { transform: translateY(-5px); }
  .menu-toggle span:nth-child(2) { transform: translateY(0); }
  .menu-toggle span:nth-child(3) { transform: translateY(5px); }
  .menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(1) { transform: rotate(45deg); }
  .menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(2) { opacity: 0; }
  .menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(3) { transform: rotate(-45deg); }
  .primary-navigation,
  .primary-navigation.is-open {
    display: flex;
    position: absolute;
    z-index: 70;
    top: 100%;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    max-height: calc(100dvh - 105px);
    overflow-y: auto;
    overscroll-behavior: contain;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: 0;
    padding: 13px var(--site-gutter) 24px;
    background: var(--paper);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
    box-shadow: 0 22px 38px rgba(0,0,0,.13);
    visibility: hidden;
    opacity: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    transition: opacity .2s ease, transform .2s ease, visibility .2s ease;
  }
  .primary-navigation.is-open {
    visibility: visible;
    opacity: 1;
    pointer-events: auto;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
  .nav-menu, .primary-navigation .nav-menu {
    display: flex;
    width: 100%;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: 0;
    margin: 0;
  }
  .nav-menu > li { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 42px; align-items: center; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .nav-menu > li > a {
    display: flex;
    min-height: 54px;
    padding: 0 5px;
    font-size: 12px;
    letter-spacing: .12em;
  }
  .nav-menu a:after { display: none; }
  .submenu-toggle {
    display: inline-grid;
    width: 36px;
    height: 36px;
    place-items: center;
    justify-self: end;
    border: 1px solid var(--line);
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: transparent;
    color: var(--ink);
    font: 20px/1 var(--sans);
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: transform .2s ease, border-color .2s ease;
  }
  .submenu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] { transform: rotate(180deg); border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent); }
  .nav-menu .sub-menu,
  .nav-menu .menu-item-has-children:hover > .sub-menu,
  .nav-menu .menu-item-has-children:focus-within > .sub-menu,
  .nav-menu .menu-item-has-children.submenu-open > .sub-menu {
    position: static;
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    min-width: 0;
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0 0 9px 13px;
    border: 0;
    box-shadow: none;
    background: transparent;
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    transform: none;
  }
  .nav-menu .sub-menu[hidden] { display: none !important; }
  .nav-menu .sub-menu li a { padding: 10px 12px; font-size: 11px; color: var(--muted); }
  .primary-navigation > .search-toggle,
  .primary-navigation > .theme-toggle { margin-top: 16px; }
  .primary-navigation > .search-toggle { width: 100%; height: 44px; border-radius: 3px; display: flex; justify-content: center; font-size: 14px; }
  .primary-navigation > .search-toggle:after { content: 'Search'; margin-left: 9px; font: 700 11px var(--sans); letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase; }
  .primary-navigation > .theme-toggle { width: 44px; height: 44px; }
  .header-search-panel { padding: 0 var(--site-gutter) 18px; }
  .header-search-panel .search-form { margin: 0; }
  .topline-inner { min-height: 30px; }
}
@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .topline-note { font-size: 8px; }
  .header-inner { min-height: 68px; }
  .brand-logo-header img { max-width: min(56vw, 190px); max-height: 40px; }
  .primary-navigation { max-height: calc(100dvh - 90px); }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *, *:before, *:after { scroll-behavior: auto !important; transition-duration: .01ms !important; animation-duration: .01ms !important; }
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .site-header { box-shadow: 0 5px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.18); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .nav-menu .sub-menu { box-shadow: 0 18px 42px rgba(0,0,0,.35); }


/* v2.4 — hybrid editorial system: warmer canvas, tighter rhythm, clearer hierarchy */
:root {
  --ink: #202a31;
  --muted: #737a7c;
  --line: #e6e2da;
  --paper: #fbfaf7;
  --soft: #f1efe9;
  --accent: #b64b38;
  --accent-deep: #87392e;
  --serif: "Playfair Display", Georgia, serif;
  --sans: "DM Sans", Arial, sans-serif;
  --editorial-wash: #f3f1eb;
  --editorial-wash-strong: #ebe8df;
}
html { background: var(--paper); }
body { background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink); }
.site-shell { background: var(--paper); }
.site-header { background: rgba(251,250,247,.97); }
.topline { background: #202a31; }
.topline-center { color: #f8f5ee; }

/* Tighter vertical rhythm: headings sit closer to the content they introduce. */
.section-heading { padding-top: 48px; padding-bottom: 28px; }
.section-heading h1 { margin-top: 7px; }
.section-heading p { line-height: 1.65; }
.section-label { margin-bottom: 13px; }
.lead-section { padding-bottom: 44px; }
.latest-section { padding-top: 36px; padding-bottom: 52px; }
.section-title-row { margin-bottom: 19px; }
.section-title-row h2 { margin-top: 3px; }
.editors-row { padding: 22px 0 43px; }
.editors-heading { margin-bottom: 16px; }
.category-strip { padding-top: 35px; padding-bottom: 55px; }
.archive-header { padding-top: 46px; padding-bottom: 30px; margin-bottom: 28px; }
.article-header { padding-top: 46px; padding-bottom: 27px; }
.article-breadcrumb { margin-bottom: 17px; }
.article-deck { margin-top: 14px; }
.article-byline { margin-top: 18px; }
.article-hero { margin-bottom: 38px; }
.entry-content > * { margin-bottom: 1.15em; }
.entry-content h2 { margin-top: 1.25em; margin-bottom: .52em; font-size: clamp(27px, 3vw, 33px); line-height: 1.18; }
.entry-content h3 { margin-top: 1.15em; margin-bottom: .48em; font-size: clamp(22px, 2.4vw, 26px); }
.entry-content h4 { margin-top: 1.05em; margin-bottom: .4em; }
.article-content { line-height: 1.82; }
.related-section { padding-bottom: 52px; }

/* Editorial canvas: restrained warm panels create depth without competing with photos. */
.home-wrap { position: relative; }
.section-heading { position: relative; }
.section-heading:after { content: ""; position: absolute; z-index: 0; right: 0; top: 26px; width: 31%; height: 1px; background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, var(--line)); }
.section-heading > * { position: relative; z-index: 1; }
.lead-section { position: relative; padding: 20px 22px 28px; margin: 0 -22px 18px; background: var(--editorial-wash); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 3px; }
.featured-story { gap: clamp(28px, 3.5vw, 48px); }
.featured-image { aspect-ratio: 1.58; background: var(--editorial-wash-strong); }
.featured-copy { padding: 2px 10px 2px 0; }
.featured-copy h2 { color: var(--ink); line-height: 1.06; }
.featured-copy > p { color: #626b6e; }
.eyebrow, .section-kicker, .section-label span { color: var(--accent-deep); }
.intro-mark { border-color: #d9cfc3; background: var(--editorial-wash); }
.card-image, .editor-pick-image { background: var(--editorial-wash-strong); }
.card-content { padding-top: 14px; }
.card-title { line-height: 1.19; }
.article-card { padding-bottom: 4px; }
.article-card .card-image { border-radius: 2px; }
.category-links a:hover { background: var(--editorial-wash); }
.pagination .current { background: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); }
.button-link { background: var(--ink); }

/* Mobile menu: compact editorial drawer with a clear visual start and end. */
@media (max-width: 800px) {
  .header-inner { min-height: 70px; }
  .primary-navigation,
  .primary-navigation.is-open {
    left: auto;
    right: 0;
    width: min(90vw, 410px);
    max-height: calc(100dvh - 82px);
    padding: 18px 20px 22px;
    border: 1px solid var(--line);
    border-top: 2px solid var(--accent);
    border-radius: 0 0 0 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 24px 55px rgba(32,42,49,.18);
  }
  .primary-navigation:before {
    content: "EXPLORE SPIRE";
    display: block;
    padding: 3px 5px 13px;
    color: var(--accent-deep);
    font: 700 9px var(--sans);
    letter-spacing: .19em;
  }
  .nav-menu > li { border-color: var(--line); }
  .nav-menu > li > a { min-height: 49px; font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: .1em; }
  .nav-menu .sub-menu { background: var(--editorial-wash); border-radius: 3px; }
  .nav-menu .sub-menu li a { color: var(--muted); }
  .primary-navigation > .search-toggle { margin-top: 18px; border-color: var(--line); background: var(--editorial-wash); }
  .primary-navigation > .theme-toggle { margin-top: 12px; }
  .menu-toggle { border-radius: 10px; }
  .section-heading { padding-top: 34px; padding-bottom: 22px; }
  .section-heading:after { display: none; }
  .lead-section { margin-left: -10px; margin-right: -10px; padding: 15px 14px 20px; }
  .featured-story { gap: 17px; }
  .featured-copy h2 { line-height: 1.08; }
  .editors-row { padding-top: 17px; padding-bottom: 32px; }
  .latest-section { padding-top: 28px; padding-bottom: 40px; }
  .article-header { padding-top: 34px; padding-bottom: 22px; }
  .article-hero { margin-bottom: 27px; }
}
@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .section-heading { padding-top: 29px; padding-bottom: 19px; }
  .section-heading h1 { font-size: clamp(37px, 10vw, 43px); }
  .lead-section { margin-left: -7px; margin-right: -7px; }
  .section-title-row h2 { font-size: 27px; }
  .article-header h1 { line-height: 1.06; }
  .entry-content h2 { font-size: 27px; }
  .entry-content h3 { font-size: 23px; }
}

/* Dark mode keeps the same warm editorial character, with deeper layered surfaces. */
html[data-theme="dark"] {
  --ink: #eeeae2;
  --muted: #aaa69d;
  --line: #383a38;
  --paper: #171d20;
  --soft: #222a2d;
  --accent: #e18470;
  --accent-deep: #e69a87;
  --editorial-wash: #20282b;
  --editorial-wash-strong: #293235;
  color-scheme: dark;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] body,
html[data-theme="dark"] .site-shell,
html[data-theme="dark"] .site-header { background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .topline { background: #101619; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .topline-center { color: #eeeae2; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .lead-section { background: var(--editorial-wash); border-color: var(--line); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .featured-copy > p { color: #b8b7b0; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .intro-mark { background: var(--editorial-wash-strong); border-color: var(--line); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .card-image,
html[data-theme="dark"] .editor-pick-image { background: var(--editorial-wash-strong); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .category-links a:hover,
html[data-theme="dark"] .nav-menu .sub-menu li a:hover { background: var(--editorial-wash-strong); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .primary-navigation { background: var(--paper); border-color: var(--line); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .primary-navigation > .search-toggle { background: var(--editorial-wash); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .article-content { color: #d7d5ce; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .article-toc,
html[data-theme="dark"] .author-box { background: var(--editorial-wash); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .site-footer { background: #101619; }